PFAS cleanup site — Restorical Research
USAAC Geiger Field GF005
Spokane, Spokane County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a facility using PFAS-containing firefighting foam going back to 1940. Historical insurance policies issued during those prior operations and through 1986 could fund a cleanup.

Geiger Field has hosted fire training operations by the Air National Guard and the Spokane Airport Fire Department on a clay-lined pad where car bodies and airframe structures are set alight with piped kerosene or fuel oil, with all fuel and water runoff drained to an adjacent catchment pond. The broader site has been in use since the early 1940s — waste disposal began then, landfill use ran from 1961 through 1976, and asphalt operations date to the 1950s — with contamination first identified in 1984. A clay lining was installed in 1986 as a containment measure for the fire training area, and multi-year monitoring has been underway since. No active cleanup has commenced; site reviews recommend an additional one to five years of continued monitoring. That history could support an insurance cost recovery claim against carriers who issued insurance policies 40+ years ago.

Former Use
Former PFAS
AddressSpokane, Spokane County
Historical UsePFAS
Est. Operating Since1940
StatusAwaiting Cleanup
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsPFAS compounds from firefighting foam and petroleum hydrocarbons (kerosene, fuel oil, waste oils) in soil and groundwater
Media ImpactedSoil, Groundwater
Regulatory ProgramMTCA — Standard Cleanup
Ecology Site #1149

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Washington. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

Fire training exercises at this site occurred on unprotected ground for years before 1986, during the era when occurrence-based Commercial General Liability policies covered pollution liability without the exclusions that became standard after that year. The combination of firefighting foam use, waste oils, and petroleum fuels burned at a long-running Air National Guard and airport training facility ties the contamination origin directly to that pre-1986 policy window. The investigation, remediation design, and cleanup expenditures that now lie ahead are precisely the costs that historical carriers whose policies were in force during those decades of fire training activity may be obligated to fund.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management & Forensic Accounting

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether a successful cost recovery is possible, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.