Bulk Plant cleanup site — Restorical Research
North Market St
N Market St & Freya St, Spokane, Spokane County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a bulk fuel distribution terminal predating 1986. Historical insurance policies issued during those prior operations and through 1986 could fund a cleanup — and recover costs already spent.

This property operated as an oil refinery, petroleum pipeline terminus, and petroleum products storage and distribution center, with the Tosco tank farm at the center of documented contamination. A release of an estimated 709 barrels of jet fuel from Tank No. 158 occurred in October 1979, and approximately 40,000 gallons of gasoline were released from Tank No. T302 in April 1989; remedial investigation was underway by at least 1985. Cleanup has included excavation and thermal treatment of 67,000 cubic yards of contaminated soil, installation of an air sparging system for groundwater, a bioventing system for soil vapor, and quarterly monitoring ongoing since 1998, with institutional controls in place — the site is now classified as cleanup complete with active operations and monitoring. That history could support an insurance cost recovery claim against carriers who issued insurance policies 40+ years ago.

Former Use
Former Bulk Plant
AddressN Market St & Freya St, Spokane, Spokane County
Historical UseBulk Plant
Est. Operating SincePre-1986
StatusCleanup Complete — Active O&M/Monitoring
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsPetroleum hydrocarbons (jet fuel, gasoline, TPH) from bulk storage tank releases detected in soil, groundwater, and soil vapor
Media ImpactedSoil, Groundwater
Regulatory ProgramMTCA — Standard Cleanup
Ecology Site #1150

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Washington. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

Refinery and bulk petroleum storage operations at this property predate 1986, with contamination already under remedial investigation by 1985 and the facility's aquifer designated by EPA as early as 1978 — the precise era when occurrence-based Commercial General Liability policies were issued without effective pollution exclusions. The scale of remediation here is substantial: thermal treatment of 67,000 cubic yards of soil, years of air sparging and bioventing, and nearly three decades of quarterly monitoring, all tied directly to releases from bulk storage tanks in operation before 1986. Historical carriers who issued CGL policies to the facility's operators and owners during that window may still be obligated to recover the costs already incurred.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management & Forensic Accounting

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether a successful cost recovery is possible, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.