Bulk Plant cleanup site — Restorical Research
Tank 226 Fuel Farm 1
OAK HARBOR, Island County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a bulk fuel distribution terminal going back to 1942. Historical insurance policies issued during those prior operations and through 1986 could fund a cleanup — and recover costs already spent.

This property served as a bulk petroleum storage facility — Fuel Farm 1 — at a Naval Air Station in Oak Harbor, with documented fuel spills occurring during various periods between 1942 and 1999 involving marine diesel, fuel oil, aviation gasoline (avgas), JP-5, and JP-8. Specific release events include a 1955 avgas spill and a 1973 JP-5 spill, among others. Cleanup has included excavation and removal of multiple underground storage tanks and dry wells, with approximately 154 cubic yards of impacted soil removed, and remediation continues through free product recovery (skimming), natural attenuation, long-term groundwater monitoring, annual inspections, and institutional controls including land use restrictions and well decommissioning. That history could support an insurance cost recovery claim against carriers who issued insurance policies 40+ years ago.

Former Use
Former Bulk Plant
AddressOAK HARBOR, Island County
Historical UseBulk Plant
Est. Operating Since1942
StatusCleanup Started
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsPetroleum hydrocarbons including marine diesel, fuel oil, aviation gasoline (avgas), JP-5, and JP-8 detected in soil and groundwater
Media ImpactedGroundwater
Regulatory ProgramMTCA — Standard Cleanup
Ecology Site #10803

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Washington. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

Bulk petroleum storage operations at this fuel farm began no later than 1942 — more than four decades before 1986, when occurrence-based Commercial General Liability policies still carried no effective pollution exclusion. Confirmed spill events in 1955 and 1973 fall directly within the era when those historical policies were in force and obligated to respond to pollution releases. The ongoing remediation costs here — tank removals, soil excavation, product recovery, and decades of groundwater monitoring — are tied to releases that pre-1986 carriers may be obligated both to recover and to fund as cleanup continues.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management & Forensic Accounting

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether a successful cost recovery is possible, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.