Landfill cleanup site — Restorical Research
WI Dot Lake Arterial-Municipal LF
Cudahy, Milwaukee County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a landfill going back to 1960. Historical insurance policies issued during those prior operations and through 1986 could help fund the multi-phase investigation and remediation work ahead under Wisconsin DNR oversight.

This property operated as a landfill during the 1960s, receiving non-combustible solid materials including ash, concrete, metals, rubber, plastic, and tires, with wastes covered by minimal soil before the site sat unused until the early 1990s. Wisconsin DNR opened the case in 1980 and classified the site as a Historical Waste Site in 2003, with investigation confirming a broad contamination profile — metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), volatile organic compounds, methane, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Off-site methane migration has been documented, PFAS sampling in 2026 returned actionable levels, and groundwater monitoring wells have been installed. Wisconsin DNR has directed further assessment of potential surface water and sediment impacts both on-site and off-site. That history could support an insurance coverage claim against the carriers who issued policies more than 40 years ago — coverage that could help fund the cleanup ahead.

Former Use
Former Landfill
LocationCudahy, Milwaukee County
Historical UseLandfill
Est. Operating Since1960
DNR ProgramEnvironmental Remediation Program
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsMetals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), methane, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in soil, groundwater, and sediment
Regulatory ProgramWisconsin DNR — NR 700
BRRTS #02-41-000614

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Wisconsin — and those policies may provide coverage that remains enforceable today. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

Landfill operations at this site occurred during the 1960s, placing the contaminating disposal activity more than two decades before 1986. The extensive investigation and remediation work ahead — including groundwater monitoring, off-site methane mitigation, PFAS assessment, and surface water and sediment evaluation under Wisconsin DNR Environmental Remediation Program oversight — represents future costs that those historical carriers may be obligated to fund.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether viable insurance coverage exists to fund the cleanup, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.