Public Works cleanup site — Restorical Research
BNSF Custer Spill
7585 Portal Way, Custer, Whatcom County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a public works and maintenance facility predating 1986. Historical insurance policies issued during operations at this property and through 1986 could fund a cleanup — and recover costs already spent.

A train derailment on December 22, 2020, at milepost 111.75 on BNSF Railway's Bellingham Subdivision released petroleum and other contaminants into the environment at this Custer property. Investigations have identified PAHs, benzene, petroleum hydrocarbons including diesel and gasoline fractions, and PFAS in groundwater and surface water, with light non-aqueous phase liquid observed on the groundwater table during excavation and carcinogenic PAH concentrations exceeding cleanup levels in surface water. Cleanup is underway through the Voluntary Cleanup Program; domestic well sampling in the surrounding area showed no exceedances. That history could support an insurance cost recovery claim against carriers who issued insurance policies 40+ years ago.

Former Use
Former Public Works
Address7585 Portal Way, Custer, Whatcom County
Historical UsePublic Works
Est. Operating SincePre-1986
StatusCleanup Started
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsPAHs, benzene, petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel, gasoline), and PFAS detected in groundwater and surface water; LNAPL observed on groundwater table
Media ImpactedSoil, Groundwater, Surface Water
Regulatory ProgramMTCA — Voluntary Cleanup Program
Ecology Site #15329

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Washington. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

The railroad right-of-way at this location has been in continuous operation since the late 1800s, built and maintained by predecessor railroads including Great Northern Railway and Burlington Northern Railroad — decades before 1986, when occurrence-based Commercial General Liability policies were the industry standard. Those historical policies, issued during more than a century of pre-1986 rail operations, may respond to the pollution liabilities now being addressed at this site. With active remediation costs accumulating under the Voluntary Cleanup Program, historical carriers who provided CGL coverage during that long operational window may be obligated to fund ongoing cleanup.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management & Forensic Accounting

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether a successful cost recovery is possible, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.