Industrial & Manufacturing cleanup site — Restorical Research
Firwood Pit
Firwood, Pierce County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a industrial and manufacturing facility predating 1986. Historical insurance policies issued during those prior operations and through 1986 could fund a cleanup — and recover costs already spent.

The Firwood Pit operated as a sand and gravel surface mine in Pierce County, with a permitted mining depth of 150 feet and an authorized fill volume of 1.4 million cubic yards. A DNR Reclamation Plan was prepared for the site in 1993 under Permit No. 70-019446, and the mine was exhausted before March 2000, after which the property was leased to Scarsella Bros. Site investigations have identified arsenic and petroleum-diesel range hydrocarbons in both groundwater and surface water, and cleanup is underway through Washington's Standard Cleanup program. That history could support an insurance cost recovery claim against carriers who issued insurance policies 40+ years ago.

Former Use
Former Industrial & Manufacturing
AddressFirwood, Pierce County
Historical UseIndustrial & Manufacturing
Est. Operating SincePre-1986
StatusCleanup Started
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsArsenic and petroleum-diesel range hydrocarbons detected in groundwater and surface water
Media ImpactedSoil, Groundwater, Surface Water
Regulatory ProgramMTCA — Standard Cleanup
Ecology Site #14644

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Washington. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

The sand and gravel mining operation at this property predates 1986, with circumstantial evidence — including the scale of the permitted excavation, a 1993 reclamation plan documenting the late stages of mining, and a permit number consistent with 1970s origination — indicating decades of industrial operation during the era when occurrence-based Commercial General Liability policies carried no effective pollution exclusion. The arsenic and petroleum-diesel contamination now documented in groundwater and surface water at the site creates remediation liabilities that historical carriers who insured the mining operation during that pre-1986 window may be obligated to fund.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management & Forensic Accounting

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether a successful cost recovery is possible, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.