Landfill cleanup site — Restorical Research
Spokane City CSO 33-2
Spokane, Spokane County
Restorical Research
Preliminary Site-Specific Analysis

This property has a documented history as a landfill going back to 1907. Historical insurance policies issued during those prior operations and through 1986 could fund a cleanup — and recover costs already spent.

This property sits on the former Wildcat Lake, which the City of Spokane filled with garbage, ash, and debris in a 1907 municipal project. The surrounding area was subdivided and developed in the late 1800s and early 1900s, and a gas station — Kar Brite — later operated on the site, with underground storage tanks removed in 2010. Site characterization has confirmed contamination from the historical fill material, including elevated heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and groundwater. Cleanup is underway under the Voluntary Cleanup Program. That history could support an insurance cost recovery claim against carriers who issued insurance policies 40+ years ago.

Former Use
Former Landfill
AddressSpokane, Spokane County
Historical UseLandfill
Est. Operating Since1907
StatusCleanup Started
Contamination & Investigation
Site Assessment Summary
ContaminantsHeavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from historical fill material in soil and groundwater
Media ImpactedSoil, Groundwater
Regulatory ProgramMTCA — Voluntary Cleanup Program
Ecology Site #12491

Why Historical Insurance Policies May Be Accessible

Pre-1986 Commercial General Liability (CGL) policies were occurrence-based and did not contain an effective pollution exclusion in Washington. If contamination occurred while those policies were active, those historical insurance carriers may still have a legal obligation to fund the cleanup costs, even if the business closed or the property changed hands.

The contamination at this site originates from fill material deposited in 1907 — nearly eight decades before the 1986 shift from occurrence-based to claims-made Commercial General Liability policies. Entities that owned or operated the property during the intervening decades would have carried CGL policies with no effective pollution exclusion, policies that remain enforceable for the environmental liabilities they covered. The ongoing remediation costs — site characterization, groundwater treatment, and contaminated-soil management — represent expenditures those historical carriers may be obligated both to recover and to fund going forward.

Restorical's role is to locate viable historical policies, determine whether a successful coverage claim is possible, and assist our clients and their legal counsel to obtain insurance coverage. Restorical then manages the claim, including accounting, to ensure the cleanup is funded in a timely manner.

What We Look For

  • Historical insurance policies (pre-1986)
  • Policy numbers, carrier names, and coverage periods
  • Connection between contamination timing and policy period
  • Evidence linking cleanup obligation to insured activity

What We Deliver

  • Historical Coverage Chart
  • Trigger Analysis & Property/Policy Nexus
  • Coverage strategy with recommendations
  • Insurance funding for your remediation
  • Claims Management & Forensic Accounting

The Restorical Proven Process

Task 1 — Research and Analysis
Restorical searches for viable historical insurance policies, researches the site history, analyzes the contamination impacts, and underwrites potential coverage — including a proprietary trigger analysis. At the end of Task 1, we provide a clear yes or no on whether a successful cost recovery is possible, along with a strategy and recommendation specific to your situation, even if you are not the policyholder.
Task 2 — Coverage and Funding
When Task 1 confirms viable coverage, Restorical works with your legal counsel to tender the claim, negotiate and secure insurance coverage. Restorical will manage the ongoing claim process, including accounting to ensure the insurance companies are funding your remediation in a timely manner.

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This analysis is preliminary and based on publicly available records. Restorical Research is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.